Mr Bolsonaro was already under investigation in four Supreme Court criminal probes before stepping down as president.
Incumbent president Jair Bolsonaro lost the presidential contest to the leftist government of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
If Mr Lula wins the second round, he would be Brazil’s first democratic president to enter a third term.
In October, presidential elections are due in Brazil, with Mr Bolsonaro running for a second term.
At least 500,000 Brazilians have succumbed to the pandemic as of June 2021, and the latest figures indicated up to 604,000 deaths from 21.7 million infections across the country.
Business interests use the Marco Temporal to argue that indigenous people must prove they occupied the lands in question when Brazil’s constitution was adopted in 1988.
