In its verdict on Monday, the Supreme Court said it would not hear an appeal requested by Mr Trump or his push to have the case reviewed.
The court ruled that the president has the constitutional authority to remove leaders of independent federal agencies, including commissioners.
Mr Trump’s administration is expected to appeal the court’s verdict.
The move comes after the U.S. Supreme Court paused the refunds of about $166 billion in tariffs paid by importers in February.
The U.S. Supreme Court has blocked a move in New York to redraw the congressional map of the state’s only Republican-led district ahead of the 2026 midterm elections.
Mr Trump defended the new measures as more effective.
Justices of the U.S. Supreme Court have raised questions about the legality of the Donald Trump administration’s imposition of sweeping tariffs.
The judges heard arguments from the administration and opponents of Trump’s actions in a session lasting more than two hours.
The U.S. and South Sudan authorities have not disclosed what will happen to the men upon their arrival in the African nation.
The withdrawal will cap years-long controversy between the two parties and threats by the Chinese investors to seize Nigeria’s foreign assets.
